Contraceptive Intrauterine Devices are small flexible T shaped plastic devices embedded with copper or hormone. It is inserted inside the womb with the aim of preventing pregnancy. It is a long lasting reversible contraceptives and is highly effective when used correctly.

How does contraceptive intrauterine devices work?

IUDs contain either copper or hormone (levonorgestrel) as the active component that help in preventing pregnancy although the common ones are those that contains copper.

Copper IUD prevent sperm from reaching egg. It also creates a hostile environment for sperm. It can last 5-12years depending on the type chosen. Return to fertility is immediate.

When can contraceptive intrauterine devices be inserted?

IUDs are inserted by a specially trained personnel. It can be inserted immediately after birth or within first 2days of delivery. If not inserted during this period, the individual will wait till 4-6weeks after delivery for it to be inserted.

It can be inserted at any time during menstruation.

What you should know about the removal and insertion of contraceptive intrauterine devices

It should only be done by a trained personnel. It is inserted into the womb through the vagina. The 2 strings are left and tucked in the vagina and the procedure usually last less than 10mins.

The strings of IUD may swim out during your menstruation, you only need to tuck this inside the vagina without pulling it thereby preventing it from shifting.

After insertion, you may feel some cramps and spotting. This usually stops after few days. Your health personnel would likely give you a follow up appointment of 3-6weeks. If you desire pregnancy, you will need to visit your health care personnel who would ensure the removal of the IUD,

What are the side effects that can be experienced while using contraceptive intrauterine devices?

• An individual using hormonal IUD may have lighter, irregular or no menses.
• An individual using copper IUD may have heavier menses and cramps.
• It does not protect against sexually transmitted infections. An individual with poor hygiene can experience recurrent pelvic infections.

Who can use contraceptive intrauterine devices?

IUD can be used by any female including adolescent and older age group.